1. Raw Material feeding & Extrusion System:
PP chips &Additives (color masterbatch) are fed into the system. They are melted in the extruder using heated barrels and a rotating screw.
2. Melt Pump & Spinning Beam (Spin Pack/Spinneret):
The melt pump provides precise, constant pressure to push the molten polymer forward, ensuring consistent filament thickness.
The molten polymer is forced through the spinneret—a metal plate with a lot of fine holes. This action forms continuous molten polymer filaments.
3. Filament Quenching & Drawing System:
As the filaments exit the spinneret, cool air is blown across them in the quenching chamber to solidify them.The solidified filaments are then stretched (drawn) by high-speed air jets in the air drafter. This step is critical as it aligns the polymer molecules, increasing the filament's strength and reducing its diameter.
4. Web Formation & Suction Unit:
The high-velocity air from the drafter carries the filaments and randomly scatters them onto a moving, perforated forming belt.
A suction unit underneath the belt pulls the air through, helping the filaments to lie down in a uniform, random web. The randomness is key to the fabric's isotropic strength (similar strength in all directions).
5. Thermal Bonding (Calender bonding):
The web passes through heated steel rollers (calenders). One or both rollers are engraved with a pattern (e.g., points, diamonds). Under heat and pressure, the filaments fuse together at these contact points. This produces a thin, strong, and relatively flat spunbond nonwoven fabric.
6. Winding & Slitter.
The finished fabric is automatically wound into large jumbo rolls. An inline slitter trims the edges and can slit the wide web into narrower rolls as required by the customer.